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原文链接:建议收藏 | Ubuntu16.04 ftp服务器安装+配置
ftp服务器安装与配置
1. ftp服务端的安装
如果之前配置过ftp服务器的还是之后配置的服务器,无法启动服务,那么基本是配置出现了错误,那么可先完全卸载后再进行安装。如果无法定位多半是镜像源的问题,请更换阿里源。
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install vsftpd
vsftpd --version //检测是否安装
2. ftp服务端的配置
vim /etc/vsftpd.conf //编辑配置文件
修改vsftpd.conf文件如下:
- listen=NO //是否开启监听ipv4和ipv6数据
- listen_ipv6=YES //是否开启监听ipv6数据
-
- # Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
- anonymous_enable=NO //是否允许匿名登陆,无需密码
-
- # Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
- local_enable=YES //是否允许本地用户登录
-
- # Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
- write_enable=YES //是否允许登陆者上传文件
-
- # Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
- # if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
- local_umask=022 //设置本地用户默认要减免的权限
-
- # Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
- # go into a certain directory.
- dirmessage_enable=YES //目录消息,能够给远程登陆的用户发送目录
- #
- # If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
- # in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
- # times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
- # option.
- use_localtime=YES //服务器所展示的目录将随着本地时间而改变
- #
- # Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
- xferlog_enable=YES //开启上传下载的日志记录
- #
- # Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
- connect_from_port_20=YES //确认连接传输的端口号为20
-
- # You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
- # below.
- xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log //日志文件存放位置
- #
- # If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
- # Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
- xferlog_std_format=YES //日志文件采用标准格式
-
-
- # You may fully customise the login banner string:
- ftpd_banner=Welcome to FTP service. //在使用shell时登陆那么会发送欢迎语
-
-
- # You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
- # directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
- # users to NOT chroot().
- # (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
- # the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
- # chroot)
- chroot_local_user=YES //对本地用户是否实施限制
- chroot_list_enable=YES //开启限制白名单
- # (default follows)
- chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list //白名单路径,若无这个文件需要自己创建
-
- # This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
- # directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
- # as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
- # access.
- secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
- #
- # This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
- # pam_service_name=vsftpd
- pam_service_name=ftp //此处ubuntu的系统需要改为ftp
-
- # This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
- # encrypted connections.
- rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
- rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
- ssl_enable=NO
-
- #
- # Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
- utf8_filesystem=YES //编码统一为utf8编码,可以识别中文,防止乱码
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3. vftpd配置完成
添加设置ftpuser用户和访问目录1. 创建ftp用户组和用户
- sudo groupadd ftpusers //创建ftpusers用户组
- sudo useradd -m ftpuser_lxr//创建一个用户并且自动创建家目录为/home/ftpuser_lxr
- (第二种方式:mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr //先创建家目录sudo userad -d /home/ftpuser_lxr ftpuser_lxr //绑定这个家目录)
- usermod -G ftpusers ftpuser_lxr //将这个新用户加入到ftpusers用户组中
- sudo passwd ftpuser_lxr //更改密码
- mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //为用户添加一个具有一定权限的文件夹
- chmod 777 -R /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //新建一个pub目录用于存放文件,并且赋予全部权限
- usermod -s /sbin/nologin username //限制用户登录方式;限制用户username只能通过ftp登陆,而不能直接登陆服务器
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2.将该用户加入vsftpd.chroot_list白名单中
- mkdir /etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
- vim vsftpd.chroot_list
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3.开启并重启vsftpd的服务
systemctl start vsftpd或者service vsftpd start
systemctl restart vsftpd或者service vsftpd restart
测试方法一:
- 打开浏览器,在地址栏输入:ftp://ip_addresss
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方法二:
- 在ubuntu中使用shell输入:ftp ip_address
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方法三:
- 在windows中在文件管理器地址栏输入:ftp://ip_addresss,该方式可以上传下载文件
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方法四:
- 在windows中使用cmd输入:ftp://ip_addresss //显示连接成功
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